{"id":198560,"date":"2024-11-14T20:17:03","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T12:17:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/198560\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T20:17:04","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T12:17:04","slug":"%e3%80%8c%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3-linux-nat-%e9%a1%9e%e5%9e%8b%e6%aa%a2%e6%b8%ac%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e3%80%8d-linux-nat%e9%a1%9e%e5%9e%8b%e6%aa%a2%e6%b8%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/198560\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u4e86\u89e3 Linux NAT \u985e\u578b\u6aa2\u6e2c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u300d (linux nat\u985e\u578b\u6aa2\u6e2c)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e86\u89e3 Linux NAT \u985e\u578b\u6aa2\u6e2c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cNAT\uff08\u7db2\u7d61\u5730\u5740\u8f49\u63db\uff09\u6280\u8853\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u67b6\u69cb\u4e2d\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0cNAT \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5c0d\u65bc\u78ba\u4fdd\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u884c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e Linux \u4e2d NAT \u985e\u578b\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5176\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

NAT \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n

NAT \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c07\u79c1\u6709 IP \u5730\u5740\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u516c\u5171 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u8def\u7531\u5668\u548c\u9632\u706b\u7246\u4e2d\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7bc0\u7701\u516c\u5171 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002NAT \u985e\u578b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u7a2e\uff1a\u5168\u9023\u63a5 NAT\uff08Full Cone NAT\uff09\u3001\u9650\u5236\u9023\u63a5 NAT\uff08Restricted Cone NAT\uff09\u548c\u5c0d\u7a31 NAT\uff08Symmetric NAT\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u7a2e NAT \u985e\u578b\u5c0d\u65bc\u7db2\u7d61\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u8655\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6aa2\u6e2c NAT \u985e\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u6aa2\u6e2c NAT \u985e\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u7a2e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e7e\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. \u4f7f\u7528 STUN \u5354\u8b70<\/h3>\n

STUN\uff08Session Traversal Utilities for NAT\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7528\u65bc\u6aa2\u6e2c NAT \u985e\u578b\u7684\u5354\u8b70\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5411 STUN \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u767c\u9001\u8acb\u6c42\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u5176\u516c\u5171 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4e26\u6839\u64da\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5224\u65b7 NAT \u985e\u578b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 STUN \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo apt-get install stun-client\nstun-client stun.l.google.com:19302<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u57f7\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5f8c\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u5c07\u986f\u793a\u5176\u516c\u5171 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4e26\u6839\u64da\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u9032\u884c NAT \u985e\u578b\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528 Nmap \u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n
Nmap \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u6383\u63cf\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u6e2c NAT \u985e\u578b\u3002\u901a\u904e\u767c\u9001\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5305\uff0cNmap \u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790 NAT \u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 Nmap \u9032\u884c NAT \u985e\u578b\u6aa2\u6e2c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
nmap -sS -p 80 --script nat-traversal <\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u689d\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u6383\u63cf\u76ee\u6a19 IP \u7684 80 \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528 nat-traversal \u8173\u672c\u4f86\u6aa2\u6e2c NAT \u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8173\u672c<\/h3>\n
\u7528\u6236\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u7de8\u5beb\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8173\u672c\u4f86\u6aa2\u6e2c NAT \u985e\u578b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684 Bash \u8173\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bash\n# \u7372\u53d6\u516c\u5171 IP\nPUBLIC_IP=$(curl -s http:\/\/checkip.amazonaws.com)\necho \"\u516c\u5171 IP: $PUBLIC_IP\"\n\n# \u767c\u9001 UDP \u6578\u64da\u5305\nnc -u -w 1  3478 & echo \"\u767c\u9001 UDP \u6578\u64da\u5305\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u500b\u8173\u672c\u5c07\u7372\u53d6\u516c\u5171 IP \u4e26\u767c\u9001 UDP \u6578\u64da\u5305\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 STUN \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u5224\u65b7 NAT \u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
\u4e86\u89e3 Linux \u4e2d\u7684 NAT \u985e\u578b\u6aa2\u6e2c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c0d\u65bc\u7db2\u7d61\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528 STUN \u5354\u8b70\u3001Nmap \u5de5\u5177\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8173\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5176\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684 NAT \u985e\u578b\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u8853\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u7db2\u7d61\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6236\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f \u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u9084\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u578b\u7684 \u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a>\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u80fd\u70ba\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a69\u5b9a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u63a2\u7d22\u5982\u4f55\u6aa2\u6e2c Linux NAT \u985e\u578b\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 NAT \u914d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7d61\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=198560"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198560\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=198560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=198560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=198560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}