{"id":190758,"date":"2024-11-12T15:16:20","date_gmt":"2024-11-12T07:16:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/190758\/"},"modified":"2024-11-12T15:16:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T07:16:21","slug":"%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e4%b8%8a%e7%b7%9a%e5%89%8d%ef%bc%8csql%e8%85%b3%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84%e4%b9%9d%e5%a4%a7%e5%9d%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/190758\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7dda\u524d\uff0cSQL\u8173\u672c\u7684\u4e5d\u5927\u5751"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e4%b8%8a%e7%b7%9a%e5%89%8d%ef%bc%8csql%e8%85%b3%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84%e4%b9%9d%e5%a4%a7%e5%9d%91-WkFghqTxHf\">\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7dda\u524d\uff0cSQL\u8173\u672c\u7684\u4e5d\u5927\u5751<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cSQL\uff08\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u8a9e\u8a00\uff09\u662f\u8207\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u958b\u767c\u65b0\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9084\u662f\u7dad\u8b77\u73fe\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0cSQL\u8173\u672c\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u90fd\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7dda\u524d\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u9677\u9631\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9677\u9631\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u554f\u984c\u6216\u6578\u64da\u640d\u58de\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5728\u4e0a\u7dda\u524d\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e5d\u5927SQL\u8173\u672c\u5751\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e5%bf%bd%e7%95%a5%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%8b%e5%8b%99%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-WkFghqTxHf\">1. \u5ffd\u7565\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u591a\u500bSQL\u64cd\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52d9\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4e8b\u52d9\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e00\u7d44\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6557\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>BEGIN TRANSACTION<\/code> \u548c <code>COMMIT<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>BEGIN TRANSACTION;\nUPDATE users SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE id = 1;\nUPDATE users SET balance = balance + 100 WHERE id = 2;\nCOMMIT;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e5%bf%bd%e7%95%a5%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-WkFghqTxHf\">2. \u5ffd\u7565\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u5927\u91cf\u6578\u64da\u6642\uff0c\u672a\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u5728\u7d93\u5e38\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5217\u4e0a\u5275\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE INDEX idx_user_email ON users(email);<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"3-sql%e6%b3%a8%e5%85%a5%e6%bc%8f%e6%b4%9e-WkFghqTxHf\">3. SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/h2>\n<p>\u672a\u5c0d\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u9032\u884c\u9069\u7576\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u53c3\u6578\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u6216\u9810\u8655\u7406\u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u9632\u6b62\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e5%bf%bd%e7%95%a5%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e9%a1%9e%e5%9e%8b-WkFghqTxHf\">4. \u5ffd\u7565\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5275\u5efa\u8868\u6642\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u4e0d\u7576\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u554f\u984c\u6216\u6578\u64da\u640d\u58de\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u5217\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE TABLE users (\n    id INT PRIMARY KEY,\n    email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,\n    created_at DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"5-%e4%b8%8d%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e9%81%a9%e7%95%b6%e7%9a%84%e9%8c%af%e8%aa%a4%e8%99%95%e7%90%86-WkFghqTxHf\">5. \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u9069\u7576\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u57f7\u884cSQL\u64cd\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u672a\u8003\u616e\u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u7cfb\u7d71\u5d29\u6f70\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>TRY...CATCH<\/code> \u7d50\u69cb\u4f86\u6355\u7372\u548c\u8655\u7406\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>BEGIN TRY\n    -- SQL \u64cd\u4f5c\nEND TRY\nBEGIN CATCH\n    -- \u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406\nEND CATCH;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"6-%e5%bf%bd%e7%95%a5%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%b8%ac%e8%a9%a6-WkFghqTxHf\">6. \u5ffd\u7565\u6027\u80fd\u6e2c\u8a66<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u7dda\u524d\uff0c\u672a\u9032\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u6e2c\u8a66\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u7cfb\u7d71\u5728\u9ad8\u8ca0\u8f09\u4e0b\u5d29\u6f70\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982 <code>EXPLAIN<\/code> \u4f86\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = 'test@example.com';<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"7-%e4%b8%8d%e8%80%83%e6%85%ae%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%82%99%e4%bb%bd-WkFghqTxHf\">7. \u4e0d\u8003\u616e\u6578\u64da\u5099\u4efd<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u91cd\u5927\u8b8a\u66f4\u524d\uff0c\u672a\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u5099\u4efd\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6578\u64da\u4e1f\u5931\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>BACKUP DATABASE mydatabase TO DISK = 'C:backupmydatabase.bak';<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"8-%e5%bf%bd%e7%95%a5%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e8%a8%98%e9%8c%84-WkFghqTxHf\">8. \u5ffd\u7565\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304<\/h2>\n<p>\u672a\u5c0dSQL\u64cd\u4f5c\u9032\u884c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u8b8a\u5f97\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u8a18\u9304\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u932f\u8aa4\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>INSERT INTO logs (message, created_at) VALUES ('User logged in', NOW());<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"9-%e4%b8%8d%e9%80%b2%e8%a1%8c%e4%bb%a3%e7%a2%bc%e5%af%a9%e6%9f%a5-WkFghqTxHf\">9. \u4e0d\u9032\u884c\u4ee3\u78bc\u5be9\u67e5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u7dda\u524d\uff0c\u672a\u9032\u884c\u4ee3\u78bc\u5be9\u67e5\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u932f\u8aa4\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u9032\u884c\u4ee3\u78bc\u5be9\u67e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u78bc\u8cea\u91cf\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-WkFghqTxHf\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7dda\u524d\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e26\u907f\u514d\u9019\u4e9bSQL\u8173\u672c\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u9677\u9631\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u904e\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u9078\u64c7\u4ee5\u53ca\u9069\u7576\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6216\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u7dda\u524dSQL\u8173\u672c\u7684\u4e5d\u5927\u5751\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5b89\u5168\u8207\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e0a\u7dda\u6210\u529f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-190758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=190758"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":190759,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190758\/revisions\/190759"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=190758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=190758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=190758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}