{"id":179988,"date":"2024-11-09T06:28:19","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T22:28:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/179988\/"},"modified":"2024-11-09T06:28:20","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T22:28:20","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%ad%a3%e7%a2%ba%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-java-%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5%ef%bc%9f-java-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/179988\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e Java \u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff1f (java \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%ad%a3%e7%a2%ba%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-java-%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5%ef%bc%9f-cYuBPusnRk\">\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e Java \u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff1f<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u8edf\u4ef6\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\u662f\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6578\u64da\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6a4b\u6a11\u3002Java \u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7de8\u7a0b\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u9023\u63a5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e Java \u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3-jdbc-cYuBPusnRk\">1. \u7406\u89e3 JDBC<\/h2>\n<p>Java \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff08Java Database Connectivity\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31 JDBC\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u500b Java API\uff0c\u5141\u8a31 Java \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u5404\u7a2e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002JDBC \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7d44\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u985e\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u985e\u4f86\u57f7\u884c SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u3001\u7372\u53d6\u7d50\u679c\u96c6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8655\u7406\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5-cYuBPusnRk\">2. \u914d\u7f6e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u914d\u7f6e Java \u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u78ba\u4fdd\u5df2\u7d93\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u76f8\u61c9\u7684 JDBC \u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 JDBC \u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MySQL: <code>mysql-connector-java.jar<\/code><\/li>\n<li>PostgreSQL: <code>postgresql.jar<\/code><\/li>\n<li>Oracle: <code>ojdbc8.jar<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4f60\u7684 Java \u9805\u76ee\u4e2d\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9a5f\u4f86\u914d\u7f6e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-1-%e5%8a%a0%e8%bc%89-jdbc-%e9%a9%85%e5%8b%95-cYuBPusnRk\">2.1 \u52a0\u8f09 JDBC \u9a45\u52d5<\/h3>\n<pre><code>Class.forName(\"com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver\");<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u884c\u4ee3\u78bc\u5c07\u52a0\u8f09 MySQL \u7684 JDBC \u9a45\u52d5\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u9a45\u52d5\u985e\u540d\u6703\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-2-%e5%bb%ba%e7%ab%8b%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5-cYuBPusnRk\">2.2 \u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u63a5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>DriverManager<\/code> \u985e\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u8207\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>String url = \"jdbc:mysql:\/\/localhost:3306\/mydatabase\";\nString user = \"username\";\nString password = \"password\";\n\nConnection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c<code>url<\/code> \u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u800c <code>user<\/code> \u548c <code>password<\/code> \u5247\u662f\u7528\u65bc\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u6191\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-3-%e8%99%95%e7%90%86-sql-%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5-cYuBPusnRk\">2.3 \u8655\u7406 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Statement<\/code> \u6216 <code>PreparedStatement<\/code> \u4f86\u57f7\u884c SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4f7f\u7528 <code>PreparedStatement<\/code> \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>String sql = \"SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?\";\nPreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);\npreparedStatement.setInt(1, 1);\nResultSet resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e9%97%9c%e9%96%89%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5-cYuBPusnRk\">3. \u95dc\u9589\u9023\u63a5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f8c\uff0c\u52d9\u5fc5\u95dc\u9589\u9023\u63a5\u4ee5\u91cb\u653e\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u78bc\u4f86\u95dc\u9589\u9023\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>if (resultSet != null) {\n    resultSet.close();\n}\nif (preparedStatement != null) {\n    preparedStatement.close();\n}\nif (connection != null) {\n    connection.close();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%af%a6%e8%b8%90-cYuBPusnRk\">4. \u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>PreparedStatement<\/code> \u4f86\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u555f\u52d5\u6642\u52a0\u8f09 JDBC \u9a45\u52d5\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7d50\u675f\u6642\u95dc\u9589\u6240\u6709\u9023\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528\u9023\u63a5\u6c60\u4f86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u8cc7\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-cYuBPusnRk\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e Java \u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\u662f\u958b\u767c\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u901a\u904e\u7406\u89e3 JDBC \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u52a0\u8f09\u9a45\u52d5\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u9023\u63a5\u3001\u57f7\u884c SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u95dc\u9589\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u4f86\u90e8\u7f72\u60a8\u7684 Java \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e Java \u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8a2a\u554f\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u61c9\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-179988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=179988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":179989,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179988\/revisions\/179989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=179988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=179988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=179988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}