{"id":177931,"date":"2024-11-08T16:45:19","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T08:45:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/177931\/"},"modified":"2024-11-08T16:45:20","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T08:45:20","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%ae%e5%be%a9mysql%e9%8c%af%e8%aa%a41247-sqlstate-42s22-er_illegal_reference-%e5%bc%95%e7%94%a8s%e4%b8%8d%e5%8f%97%e6%94%af%e6%8c%81%ef%bc%88s%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/177931\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u5fa9MySQL\u932f\u8aa41247 &#8211; SQLSTATE: 42S22 (ER_ILLEGAL_REFERENCE) \u5f15\u7528&#8217;%s&#8217;\u4e0d\u53d7\u652f\u6301\uff08%s\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%ae%e5%be%a9mysql%e9%8c%af%e8%aa%a41247-sqlstate-42s22-er_illegal_reference-QNLiAvyLcU\">\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u5fa9MySQL\u932f\u8aa41247 &#8211; SQLSTATE: 42S22 (ER_ILLEGAL_REFERENCE)<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6642\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9047\u5230\u5404\u7a2e\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u4fbf\u662f\u932f\u8aa41247\uff0c\u8a72\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u4ee3\u78bc\u70baSQLSTATE: 42S22\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u986f\u793a\u70ba\u201c\u5f15\u7528&#8217;%s&#8217;\u4e0d\u53d7\u652f\u6301\uff08%s\uff09\u201d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u901a\u5e38\u8207SQL\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u5f15\u7528\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528JOIN\u6216\u5b50\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u8a72\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6210\u56e0\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%8c%af%e8%aa%a41247%e7%9a%84%e6%88%90%e5%9b%a0-QNLiAvyLcU\">\u932f\u8aa41247\u7684\u6210\u56e0<\/h2>\n<p>\u932f\u8aa41247\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5217\u540d\u5f15\u7528\uff1a<\/strong>\u7576\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5217\u540d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff0cMySQL\u5c07\u7121\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u8a72\u5217\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u6216\u51fd\u6578\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u4f60\u5617\u8a66\u5728GROUP BY\u6216ORDER BY\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5217\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u6b64\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>JOIN\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u9032\u884c\u591a\u8868JOIN\u6642\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5217\u4e0d\u5728JOIN\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5225\u540d\u6642\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u932f\u8aa4\u5730\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5225\u540d\u6216\u8868\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%ae%e5%be%a9%e9%8c%af%e8%aa%a41247-QNLiAvyLcU\">\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u5fa9\u932f\u8aa41247<\/h2>\n<p>\u4fee\u5fa9MySQL\u932f\u8aa41247\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e6%aa%a2%e6%9f%a5%e5%88%97%e5%90%8d-QNLiAvyLcU\">1. \u6aa2\u67e5\u5217\u540d<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6aa2\u67e5\u4f60\u7684SQL\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u540d\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b83\u5011\u6b63\u78ba\u7121\u8aa4\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT a.id, b.name \nFROM users a \nJOIN orders b ON a.id = b.user_id \nWHERE a.age &gt; 18;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">users<\/a>\u8868\u4e2d\u6709&#8217;id&#8217;\u548c&#8217;age&#8217;\u5217\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">orders<\/a>\u8868\u4e2d\u6709&#8217;user_id&#8217;\u548c&#8217;name&#8217;\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e6%aa%a2%e6%9f%a5join%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5-QNLiAvyLcU\">2. \u6aa2\u67e5JOIN\u8a9e\u53e5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86JOIN\uff0c\u8acb\u4ed4\u7d30\u6aa2\u67e5JOIN\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5217\u90fd\u4f86\u81ea\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT a.id, b.name \nFROM users a \nJOIN orders b ON a.id = b.user_id \nWHERE b.status = 'completed';<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd&#8217;b.user_id&#8217;\u5b58\u5728\u65bc&#8217;orders&#8217;\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%88%a5%e5%90%8d%e6%99%82%e7%9a%84%e6%b3%a8%e6%84%8f%e4%ba%8b%e9%a0%85-QNLiAvyLcU\">3. \u4f7f\u7528\u5225\u540d\u6642\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9805<\/h3>\n<p>\u7576\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u5225\u540d\u6642\uff0c\u8acb\u78ba\u4fdd\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u6b63\u78ba\u5f15\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u5225\u540d\u3002\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5225\u540d\u5f15\u7528\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u932f\u8aa41247\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT u.id, o.amount \nFROM users AS u \nJOIN orders AS o ON u.id = o.user_id \nWHERE o.amount &gt; 100;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5728WHERE\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5225\u540d&#8217;o&#8217;\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4-%e6%b8%ac%e8%a9%a6%e5%92%8c%e8%aa%bf%e8%a9%a6-QNLiAvyLcU\">4. \u6e2c\u8a66\u548c\u8abf\u8a66<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u67e5\u8a62\u5f8c\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u9032\u884c\u6e2c\u8a66\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u554f\u984c\u5df2\u89e3\u6c7a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u7684EXPLAIN\u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u9019\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u8b58\u5225\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN SELECT u.id, o.amount \nFROM users AS u \nJOIN orders AS o ON u.id = o.user_id \nWHERE o.amount &gt; 100;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-QNLiAvyLcU\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL\u932f\u8aa41247 &#8211; SQLSTATE: 42S22 (ER_ILLEGAL_REFERENCE) \u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5217\u540d\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4ed4\u7d30\u6aa2\u67e5SQL\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u540d\u3001JOIN\u8a9e\u53e5\u548c\u5225\u540d\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fee\u5fa9\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u96f2\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a>\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4fee\u5fa9MySQL\u932f\u8aa41247 (ER_ILLEGAL_REFERENCE) \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e0d\u53d7\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-177931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=177931"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177931\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":177932,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177931\/revisions\/177932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=177931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=177931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=177931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}