{"id":175221,"date":"2024-11-08T04:03:20","date_gmt":"2024-11-07T20:03:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/175221\/"},"modified":"2024-11-08T04:03:20","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T20:03:20","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8geo%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%ef%bc%9f-geo%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/175221\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff1f (geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8geo%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%ef%bc%9f-geo%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-WLYfOYbTCR\">\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff1f (geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5)<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5546\u696d\u5206\u6790\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u898f\u5283\u9084\u662f\u74b0\u5883\u7814\u7a76\uff0cgeo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u90fd\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u4ee3\u78bc\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b80\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e00\u6280\u8853\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%afgeo%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%ef%bc%9f-WLYfOYbTCR\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fgeo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c08\u9580\u7528\u65bc\u5b58\u5132\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9ede\u3001\u7dda\u3001\u9762\u7b49\u5e7e\u4f55\u5f62\u72c0\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u8207\u5730\u7406\u5750\u6a19\u7cfb\u7d71\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u3002geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u9ede\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u8655\u7406\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08GIS\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"geo%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e9%a1%9e%e5%9e%8b-WLYfOYbTCR\">geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u985e\u578b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u95dc\u4fc2\u578bgeo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u985e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4f7f\u7528\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u578b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08RDBMS\uff09\uff0c\u5982PostgreSQL\u548cMySQL\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u64f4\u5c55\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u975e\u95dc\u4fc2\u578bgeo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u985e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5982MongoDB\uff0c\u5c08\u70ba\u8655\u7406\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u975e\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u6578\u64da\u800c\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u5730\u7406\u67e5\u8a62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c08\u7528geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c08\u9580\u8a2d\u8a08\u7528\u65bc\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b58\u5132\u548c\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u5982Esri\u7684ArcGIS Geodatabase\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8geo%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab-WLYfOYbTCR\">\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d%e5%92%8c%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae-WLYfOYbTCR\">1. \u5b89\u88dd\u548c\u8a2d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u500b\u5408\u9069\u7684geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u3002\u4ee5PostgreSQL\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9a5f\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install postgresql postgis\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e26\u555f\u7528PostGIS\u64f4\u5c55\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo -u postgres createdb my_geodb\nsudo -u postgres psql -d my_geodb -c \"CREATE EXTENSION postgis;\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%b0%8e%e5%85%a5-WLYfOYbTCR\">2. \u6578\u64da\u5c0e\u5165<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c07\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da\u5c0e\u5165geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Shapefile\u3001GeoJSON\u6216CSV\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c07Shapefile\u5c0e\u5165PostgreSQL\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>shp2pgsql -I -s 4326 my_shapefile.shp public.my_table &gt; my_table.sql\npsql -d my_geodb -f my_table.sql\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e5%9c%b0%e7%90%86%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a-WLYfOYbTCR\">3. \u67e5\u8a62\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6578\u64da\u5c0e\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u67e5\u8a62\u4f86\u6aa2\u7d22\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u8a62\u67d0\u500b\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT * FROM my_table\nWHERE ST_DWithin(geom, ST_MakePoint(longitude, latitude), distance);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"4-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-WLYfOYbTCR\">4. \u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n<p>geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9084\u652f\u6301\u5404\u7a2e\u5730\u7406\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3001\u9762\u7a4d\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\u806f\u63a5\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8a08\u7b97\u5169\u500b\u5730\u7406\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u8ddd\u96e2\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT ST_Distance(\n    ST_MakePoint(longitude1, latitude1)::geography,\n    ST_MakePoint(longitude2, latitude2)::geography\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-WLYfOYbTCR\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8655\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5b89\u88dd\u3001\u6578\u64da\u5c0e\u5165\u3001\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u60a8\u662f\u958b\u767c\u8005\u9084\u662f\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\uff0c\u638c\u63e1geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c07\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e36\u4f86\u6975\u5927\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5b58\u5132\u548c\u8655\u7406\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u4f86\u642d\u5efa\u60a8\u7684geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528geo\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u6578\u64da\u5b58\u5132\u3001\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5730\u7406\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-175221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175221","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=175221"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175221\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":175222,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175221\/revisions\/175222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=175221"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=175221"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=175221"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}