{"id":170193,"date":"2024-11-06T21:55:20","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T13:55:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/170193\/"},"modified":"2024-11-06T21:55:20","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T13:55:20","slug":"%e5%88%a4%e6%96%b7%e5%ad%97%e6%ae%b5%e6%98%af%e5%90%a6%e5%ad%98%e5%9c%a8%e7%9a%84sql%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e5%af%ab%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/170193\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7684SQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u5beb\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e5%88%a4%e6%96%b7%e5%ad%97%e6%ae%b5%e6%98%af%e5%90%a6%e5%ad%98%e5%9c%a8%e7%9a%84sql%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e5%af%ab%e6%b3%95-sMXWcjLpcW\">\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7684SQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u5beb\u6cd5<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u5224\u65b7\u67d0\u500b\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u9019\u5728\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u64cd\u4f5c\u6642\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u679c\u5617\u8a66\u8a2a\u554f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5728SQL\u4e2d\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\u548c\u4ee3\u78bc\u7247\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%82%ba%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e5%88%a4%e6%96%b7%e5%ad%97%e6%ae%b5%e6%98%af%e5%90%a6%e5%ad%98%e5%9c%a8-sMXWcjLpcW\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u64cd\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u52d5\u614b\u751f\u6210\u67e5\u8a62\u6216\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u9077\u79fb\u6642\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u78bc\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5834\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u522a\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5831\u544a\u6216\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6578\u64da\u9077\u79fb\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u76ee\u6a19\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8information_schema%e5%88%a4%e6%96%b7%e5%ad%97%e6%ae%b5%e6%98%af%e5%90%a6%e5%ad%98%e5%9c%a8-sMXWcjLpcW\">\u4f7f\u7528INFORMATION_SCHEMA\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6578\u95dc\u4fc2\u578b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528INFORMATION_SCHEMA\u4f86\u67e5\u8a62\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5143\u6578\u64da\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c0d\u8c61\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528INFORMATION_SCHEMA\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8a9e\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT COUNT(*)\nFROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS\nWHERE TABLE_NAME = '\u4f60\u7684\u8868\u540d'\nAND COLUMN_NAME = '\u4f60\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8a08\u6578\u5927\u65bc0\uff0c\u5247\u8868\u793a\u8a72\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u9069\u7528\u65bcMySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\u7b49\u591a\u7a2e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8case%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e9%80%b2%e8%a1%8c%e5%88%a4%e6%96%b7-sMXWcjLpcW\">\u4f7f\u7528CASE\u8a9e\u53e5\u9032\u884c\u5224\u65b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528CASE\u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u689d\u4ef6\u5224\u65b7\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT \n    CASE \n        WHEN EXISTS (\n            SELECT * \n            FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS \n            WHERE TABLE_NAME = '\u4f60\u7684\u8868\u540d' \n            AND COLUMN_NAME = '\u4f60\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d'\n        ) \n        THEN '\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b58\u5728' \n        ELSE '\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728' \n    END AS \u5b57\u6bb5\u72c0\u614b;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba\u201c\u5b57\u6bb5\u72c0\u614b\u201d\u7684\u5217\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u8a72\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8try-catch%e7%b5%90%e6%a7%8b-sMXWcjLpcW\">\u4f7f\u7528TRY&#8230;CATCH\u7d50\u69cb<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982SQL Server\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528TRY&#8230;CATCH\u7d50\u69cb\u4f86\u6355\u7372\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u6355\u7372\u56e0\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>BEGIN TRY\n    SELECT \u4f60\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d FROM \u4f60\u7684\u8868\u540d;\nEND TRY\nBEGIN CATCH\n    SELECT ERROR_MESSAGE() AS \u932f\u8aa4\u4fe1\u606f;\nEND CATCH;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u7372\u53d6\u932f\u8aa4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u8655\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-sMXWcjLpcW\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728SQL\u4e2d\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u591a\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528INFORMATION_SCHEMA\u3001CASE\u8a9e\u53e5\u4ee5\u53caTRY&#8230;CATCH\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u7528\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u9084\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u61c9\u7528\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u5224\u65b7\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u8207\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-170193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=170193"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170193\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":170194,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170193\/revisions\/170194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=170193"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=170193"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=170193"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}