{"id":168377,"date":"2024-11-06T11:52:24","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T03:52:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/168377\/"},"modified":"2024-11-06T11:52:25","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T03:52:25","slug":"sql-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e4%b8%ad%e4%ba%8b%e5%8b%99%e7%9a%84-acid-%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/168377\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684 ACID \u7279\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"sql-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e4%b8%ad%e4%ba%8b%e5%8b%99%e7%9a%84-acid-%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7-GsbGyEpyaD\">SQL \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684 ACID \u7279\u6027<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8b\u52d9\uff08Transaction\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4e8b\u52d9\u662f\u4e00\u7d44\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6557\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u4e8b\u52d9\u5fc5\u9808\u9075\u5faa ACID \u7279\u6027\u3002ACID \u662f\u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff08Atomicity\uff09\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08Consistency\uff09\u3001\u9694\u96e2\u6027\uff08Isolation\uff09\u548c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff08Durability\uff09\u7684\u7e2e\u5beb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u9019\u56db\u500b\u7279\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u5728 SQL \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e5%8e%9f%e5%ad%90%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%88atomicity%ef%bc%89-GsbGyEpyaD\">1. \u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff08Atomicity\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u57f7\u884c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8981\u9ebc\u5168\u90e8\u4e0d\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5982\u679c\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u500b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u4e8b\u52d9\u5c07\u88ab\u56de\u6efe\u5230\u4e8b\u52d9\u958b\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n    INSERT INTO accounts (user_id, balance) VALUES (1, 100);\n    UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE user_id = 2;\n    COMMIT;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u5247\u6574\u500b\u4e8b\u52d9\u5c07\u4e0d\u6703\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4fdd\u8b49\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e4%b8%80%e8%87%b4%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%88consistency%ef%bc%89-GsbGyEpyaD\">2. \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08Consistency\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u4e8b\u52d9\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u524d\u5f8c\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u5fc5\u9808\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u9055\u53cd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7d04\u675f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u4e00\u500b\u9280\u884c\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u8cec\u6236\u7684\u9918\u984d\u4e0d\u80fd\u70ba\u8ca0\u6578\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u52d9\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u8cec\u6236\u9918\u984d\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\u8ca0\u6578\uff0c\u5247\u8a72\u4e8b\u52d9\u5c07\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n    UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - 200 WHERE user_id = 1;\n    -- \u6aa2\u67e5\u9918\u984d\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u8ca0\n    IF (SELECT balance FROM accounts WHERE user_id = 1) &lt; 0 THEN\n        ROLLBACK;\n    ELSE\n        COMMIT;\n    END IF;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e9%9a%94%e9%9b%a2%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%88isolation%ef%bc%89-GsbGyEpyaD\">3. \u9694\u96e2\u6027\uff08Isolation\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u9694\u96e2\u6027\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u540c\u6642\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e0d\u6703\u4e92\u76f8\u5e72\u64fe\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u53d7\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9396\u5b9a\u6a5f\u5236\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u9694\u96e2\u6027\u3002\u6839\u64da\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9694\u96e2\u7d1a\u5225\uff0c\u4e8b\u52d9\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u8b8a\u66f4\u6216\u4e0d\u8b8a\u66f4\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8b80\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\uff08Read Uncommitted\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8b80\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4\uff08Read Committed\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u91cd\u8907\u8b80\uff08Repeatable Read\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e32\u884c\u5316\uff08Serializable\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u53ef\u91cd\u8907\u8b80\u9694\u96e2\u7d1a\u5225\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8b\u52d9\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c07\u59cb\u7d42\u770b\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6578\u64da\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u52d9\u5df2\u7d93\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u8b8a\u66f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e6%8c%81%e4%b9%85%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%88durability%ef%bc%89-GsbGyEpyaD\">4. \u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff08Durability\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u4e8b\u52d9\u4e00\u65e6\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u5c07\u6c38\u4e45\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7d71\u5d29\u6f70\u6216\u6545\u969c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u4e1f\u5931\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u904e\u5c07\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u8b8a\u66f4\u5beb\u5165\u65e5\u8a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u6545\u969c\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u65e5\u8a8c\u6062\u5fa9\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n    INSERT INTO orders (order_id, amount) VALUES (1, 500);\n    COMMIT; -- \u63d0\u4ea4\u5f8c\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5c07\u88ab\u5beb\u5165\u65e5\u8a8c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-GsbGyEpyaD\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>ACID \u7279\u6027\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd SQL \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u4e8b\u52d9\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u9694\u96e2\u6027\u548c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5171\u540c\u4fdd\u969c\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5728\u9078\u64c7\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u6642\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u6578\u64da\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5834\u666f\u4e2d\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u548c <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u96f2\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a> \u662f\u503c\u5f97\u8003\u616e\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3 SQL \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684 ACID \u7279\u6027\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u9694\u96e2\u6027\u548c\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-168377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168377","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168377"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168377\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":168378,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168377\/revisions\/168378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168377"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}