{"id":168341,"date":"2024-11-06T11:34:34","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T03:34:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/168341\/"},"modified":"2024-11-06T11:34:35","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T03:34:35","slug":"sql-%e8%a1%a8%e7%b5%90%e6%a7%8b%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/168341\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL \u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"sql-%e8%a1%a8%e7%b5%90%e6%a7%8b%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-LiJTKFsPnz\">SQL \u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u8868\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u3001\u512a\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u9077\u79fb\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5e7e\u7a2e\u67e5\u8a62 SQL \u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b80\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528 SQL \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-information_schema-LiJTKFsPnz\">1. \u4f7f\u7528 INFORMATION_SCHEMA<\/h2>\n<p>INFORMATION_SCHEMA \u662f SQL \u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7d44\u53ea\u8b80\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u8996\u5716\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u67e5\u8a62\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5143\u6578\u64da\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u67e5\u8a62\u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8a9e\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT * \nFROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS \nWHERE TABLE_NAME = 'your_table_name';<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6bb5 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u540d\u3001\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u3001\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba NULL\u3001\u9ed8\u8a8d\u503c\u7b49\u3002\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e86\u89e3\u8868\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-describe-%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-LiJTKFsPnz\">2. \u4f7f\u7528 DESCRIBE \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 MySQL \u4e2d\uff0cDESCRIBE \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u67e5\u770b\u8868\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>DESCRIBE your_table_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u57f7\u884c\u9019\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c07\u986f\u793a\u8868\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5217\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u540d\u3001\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u3001\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba NULL\u3001\u9375\u985e\u578b\u7b49\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5feb\u901f\u7372\u53d6\u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-show-create-table-LiJTKFsPnz\">3. \u4f7f\u7528 SHOW CREATE TABLE<\/h2>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5728 MySQL \u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f SHOW CREATE TABLE\u3002\u9019\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u50c5\u986f\u793a\u8868\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u9084\u986f\u793a\u5275\u5efa\u8868\u7684\u5b8c\u6574 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SHOW CREATE TABLE your_table_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u5305\u542b\u5275\u5efa\u8868\u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e86\u89e3\u8868\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u689d\u4ef6\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u8a2d\u7f6e\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-pg_catalog%ef%bc%88postgresql%ef%bc%89-LiJTKFsPnz\">4. \u4f7f\u7528 pg_catalog\uff08PostgreSQL\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 pg_catalog \u4f86\u67e5\u8a62\u8868\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u67e5\u8a62\u67d0\u500b\u8868\u7684\u5217\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT column_name, data_type, is_nullable \nFROM pg_catalog.pg_columns \nWHERE table_name = 'your_table_name';<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6bb5 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u3001\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u548c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba NULL \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"5-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-sql-server-%e7%9a%84-sys-objects-%e5%92%8c-sys-columns-LiJTKFsPnz\">5. \u4f7f\u7528 SQL Server \u7684 sys.objects \u548c sys.columns<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 SQL Server \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u7cfb\u7d71\u8996\u5716 sys.objects \u548c sys.columns \u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u8868\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT c.name AS column_name, t.name AS data_type, c.is_nullable \nFROM sys.columns c \nJOIN sys.types t ON c.user_type_id = t.user_type_id \nWHERE c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('your_table_name');<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6bb5 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u3001\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u548c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba NULL \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-LiJTKFsPnz\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3 SQL \u8868\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 INFORMATION_SCHEMA\u3001DESCRIBE \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7279\u6709\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u90fd\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8acb\u8003\u616e\u6211\u5011\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u8b93\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u904b\u884c\u66f4\u52a0\u9806\u66a2\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u8a62 SQL \u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u8f15\u9b06\u7372\u53d6\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u8868\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u7d50\u69cb\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-168341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168341"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":168342,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168341\/revisions\/168342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}