{"id":168165,"date":"2024-11-06T10:03:34","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T02:03:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/168165\/"},"modified":"2024-11-06T10:03:34","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T02:03:34","slug":"%e5%85%ad%e5%80%8b%e6%8f%90%e5%8d%87postgresql%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e7%9a%84%e5%b0%8f%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/168165\/","title":{"rendered":"\u516d\u500b\u63d0\u5347PostgreSQL\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e5%85%ad%e5%80%8b%e6%8f%90%e5%8d%87postgresql%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e7%9a%84%e5%b0%8f%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7-LLtfXPDWuN\">\u516d\u500b\u63d0\u5347PostgreSQL\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7<\/h1>\n<p>PostgreSQL\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u529f\u80fd\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u95dc\u806f\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u9577\u548c\u7528\u6236\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u512a\u5316PostgreSQL\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8b8a\u5f97\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u516d\u500b\u63d0\u5347PostgreSQL\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u67e5\u8a62\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e8%aa%bf%e6%95%b4%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%85%a7%e5%ad%98%ef%bc%88work_mem%ef%bc%89-LLtfXPDWuN\">1. \u8abf\u6574\u5de5\u4f5c\u5167\u5b58\uff08work_mem\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u5de5\u4f5c\u5167\u5b58\u662fPostgreSQL\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u7528\u65bc\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u54c8\u5e0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5167\u5b58\u91cf\u3002\u9069\u7576\u8abf\u6574\u9019\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u9ed8\u8a8d\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0cwork_mem\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u8f03\u4f4e\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8907\u96dc\u67e5\u8a62\u6216\u5927\u6578\u64da\u96c6\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SET work_mem = '64MB';<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9069\u7576\u589e\u52a0work_mem\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u8981\u8a2d\u7f6e\u904e\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5c0e\u81f4\u5167\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95-LLtfXPDWuN\">2. \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/h2>\n<p>\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5728\u8868\u7684\u5217\u4e0a\u5275\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u67e5\u8a62\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002PostgreSQL\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u7d22\u5f15\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ecB-tree\u3001Hash\u3001GIN\u548cGiST\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE INDEX idx_column_name ON table_name (column_name);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9078\u64c7\u7d22\u5f15\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u6839\u64da\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u4e26\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u548c\u7dad\u8b77\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e8%aa%bf%e6%95%b4%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%ab%e7%b7%a9%e5%ad%98%ef%bc%88shared_buffers%ef%bc%89-LLtfXPDWuN\">3. \u8abf\u6574\u5171\u4eab\u7de9\u5b58\uff08shared_buffers\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u7de9\u5b58\u662fPostgreSQL\u7528\u65bc\u5b58\u5132\u6578\u64da\u9801\u7684\u5167\u5b58\u5340\u57df\u3002\u9069\u7576\u8abf\u6574shared_buffers\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8b70\u5c07\u5176\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u5b58\u768415%\u81f325%\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SET shared_buffers = '1GB';<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fddPostgreSQL\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u5167\u5b58\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u78c1\u789fI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8vacuum%e5%92%8canalyze-LLtfXPDWuN\">4. \u4f7f\u7528VACUUM\u548cANALYZE<\/h2>\n<p>\u96a8\u8457\u6578\u64da\u7684\u589e\u9577\uff0cPostgreSQL\u4e2d\u7684\u6b7b\u5143\u7d44\u6703\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u904b\u884cVACUUM\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u7406\u6b7b\u5143\u7d44\uff0c\u91cb\u653e\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>VACUUM table_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u904b\u884cANALYZE\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9PostgreSQL\u9078\u64c7\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u8def\u5f91\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>ANALYZE table_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"5-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5%e6%b1%a0-LLtfXPDWuN\">5. \u4f7f\u7528\u9023\u63a5\u6c60<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u9ad8\u4e26\u767c\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9023\u63a5\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u9023\u63a5\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u7528\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u958b\u92b7\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u6c60\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ecPgBouncer\u548cPgPool-II\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u5ef6\u9072\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u97ff\u61c9\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"6-%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2-LLtfXPDWuN\">6. \u512a\u5316\u67e5\u8a62<\/h2>\n<p>\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u512a\u5316\u5c0d\u65bc\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE condition;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8abf\u6574\u67e5\u8a62\u7d50\u69cb\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-LLtfXPDWuN\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u516d\u500b\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347PostgreSQL\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u652f\u6301\u60a8\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u8abf\u6574\u5167\u5b58\u53c3\u6578\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5b9a\u671f\u7dad\u8b77\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u90fd\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u7372\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22\u516d\u500b\u63d0\u5347PostgreSQL\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u512a\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u5ef6\u9072\uff0c\u8b93\u4f60\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u904b\u884c\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-168165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168165"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":168166,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168165\/revisions\/168166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=168165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=168165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}