{"id":164477,"date":"2024-11-05T08:14:29","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T00:14:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/164477\/"},"modified":"2024-11-05T08:14:30","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T00:14:30","slug":"%e7%b2%be%e6%ba%96%e9%81%8e%e6%bf%be%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%ef%bc%81%e6%95%99%e4%bd%a0%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8sql%e6%8e%92%e9%99%a4%e9%83%a8%e5%88%86%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab-sql%e6%8e%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/164477\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7cbe\u6e96\u904e\u6ffe\u6578\u64da\uff01\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u6392\u9664\u90e8\u5206\u6578\u64da\u5eab (sql\u6392\u9664\u90e8\u5206\u6578\u64da\u5eab)"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0cSQL\uff08\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u8a9e\u8a00\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6578\u64da\u3002\u7576\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u5f9e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6642\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u9047\u5230\u9700\u8981\u6392\u9664\u67d0\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u7cbe\u6e96\u904e\u6ffe\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6392\u9664\u90e8\u5206\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n

SQL\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n

SQL\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7528\u65bc\u7ba1\u7406\u95dc\u4fc2\u578b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u57f7\u884c\u5404\u7a2e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u8a62\u6578\u64da\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u6578\u64da\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u6578\u64da\u548c\u522a\u9664\u6578\u64da\u3002SQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u95dc\u9375\u5b57\u3001\u8868\u540d\u548c\u689d\u4ef6\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u689d\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u9078\u64c7\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528WHERE\u5b50\u53e5\u6392\u9664\u6578\u64da<\/h2>\n

\u5728SQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6392\u9664\u6578\u64da\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528WHERE<\/code>\u5b50\u53e5\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u6307\u5b9a\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6392\u9664\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70baemployees<\/code>\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u90e8\u9580\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u8a62\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u5728\u201c\u92b7\u552e\u90e8\u201d\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n

SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department != 'Sales';<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c!=<\/code>\u904b\u7b97\u7b26\u7528\u65bc\u6392\u9664\u201c\u92b7\u552e\u90e8\u201d\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u9580\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528NOT IN\u6392\u9664\u591a\u500b\u503c<\/h2>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6392\u9664\u591a\u500b\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528NOT IN<\/code>\u904b\u7b97\u7b26\u3002\u9019\u500b\u904b\u7b97\u7b26\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u7d44\u503c\uff0c\u4e26\u6392\u9664\u9019\u4e9b\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u8a62\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u5728\u201c\u92b7\u552e\u90e8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5e02\u5834\u90e8\u201d\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department NOT IN ('Sales', 'Marketing');<\/code><\/pre>\n
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\u4f7f\u7528JOIN\u6392\u9664\u6578\u64da<\/h2>\n
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SELECT e.* \nFROM employees e\nJOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.id\nWHERE d.name != 'Sales';<\/code><\/pre>\n
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\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8a62\u6392\u9664\u6578\u64da<\/h2>\n
\u5b50\u67e5\u8a62\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5957\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6392\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u8a62\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u5728\u201c\u92b7\u552e\u90e8\u201d\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n
SELECT * FROM employees \nWHERE department_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM departments WHERE name = 'Sales');<\/code><\/pre>\n
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\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
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\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u6216\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a>\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u9084\u662f\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u90fd\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u904e\u6ffe\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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