{"id":162205,"date":"2024-11-04T13:00:45","date_gmt":"2024-11-04T05:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/162205\/"},"modified":"2024-11-04T13:00:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T05:00:45","slug":"%e6%aa%a2%e6%9f%a5-oracle-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e8%a3%a1%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%88%e7%90%86%e7%9a%84-sql-%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/162205\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6aa2\u67e5 Oracle \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u88e1\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684 sql \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e6%aa%a2%e6%9f%a5-oracle-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e8%a3%a1%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%88%e7%90%86%e7%9a%84-sql-%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88-BKtYYWylMl\">\u6aa2\u67e5 Oracle \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u88e1\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u65b9\u6848<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u904b\u71df\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002Oracle \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u884c\u696d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u9577\u548c\u696d\u52d9\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u6574\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6aa2\u67e5\u548c\u512a\u5316 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9ad8\u6548\u904b\u884c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%88%e7%90%86-sql-%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e7%9a%84%e7%89%b9%e5%be%b5-BKtYYWylMl\">\u4e0d\u5408\u7406 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u7279\u5fb5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 Oracle \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u5fb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5168\u8868\u6383\u63cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u7576 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u672a\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6642\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9032\u884c\u5168\u8868\u6383\u63cf\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u986f\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684 JOIN \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong>\u904e\u591a\u7684 JOIN \u64cd\u4f5c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u7576\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5927\u578b\u8868\u6642\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u7576\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u985e\u578b\u8f49\u63db\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u4e4f WHERE \u5b50\u53e5\uff1a<\/strong>\u672a\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 WHERE \u5b50\u53e5\u904e\u6ffe\u6578\u64da\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u8fd4\u56de\u904e\u591a\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u96c6\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8655\u7406\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%aa%a2%e6%9f%a5%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%88%e7%90%86-sql-%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88-BKtYYWylMl\">\u6aa2\u67e5\u4e0d\u5408\u7406 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u6aa2\u67e5\u548c\u512a\u5316 Oracle \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5408\u7406 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-sql-trace-%e5%92%8c-tkprof-BKtYYWylMl\">1. \u4f7f\u7528 SQL Trace \u548c TKPROF<\/h3>\n<p>SQL Trace \u662f Oracle \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6355\u7372 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6578\u64da\u3002\u901a\u904e\u555f\u7528 SQL Trace\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u6709\u95dc SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 TKPROF \u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u548c\u5206\u6790\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b58\u5225\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE = TRUE; \n-- \u57f7\u884c\u9700\u8981\u6aa2\u67e5\u7684 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\nALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE = FALSE;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-explain-plan-BKtYYWylMl\">2. \u4f7f\u7528 EXPLAIN PLAN<\/h3>\n<p>EXPLAIN PLAN \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u7406\u89e3 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b58\u5225\u51fa\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5168\u8868\u6383\u63cf\u6216\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684 JOIN\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN PLAN FOR \nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = 10;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e7%9b%a3%e6%8e%a7%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%8c%87%e6%a8%99-BKtYYWylMl\">3. \u76e3\u63a7\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6a19<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u76e3\u63a7\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u5982 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001IO \u7b49\u5f85\u6642\u9593\u548c\u5167\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u53ca\u6642\u767c\u73fe\u6027\u80fd\u554f\u984c\u3002Oracle \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u8996\u5716\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u76e3\u63a7\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 V$SQL \u548c V$SESSION\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4-%e5%af%a6%e6%96%bd-sql-%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96-BKtYYWylMl\">4. \u5be6\u65bd SQL \u512a\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u6aa2\u67e5\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u9032\u884c\u512a\u5316\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u91cd\u5beb\u67e5\u8a62\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11 JOIN \u6578\u91cf\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5408\u9069\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE INDEX idx_department ON employees(department_id);<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-BKtYYWylMl\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u6aa2\u67e5\u548c\u512a\u5316 Oracle \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u9ad8\u6548\u904b\u884c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528 SQL Trace\u3001EXPLAIN PLAN \u548c\u76e3\u63a7\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u9ad4\u696d\u52d9\u904b\u71df\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u512a\u5316\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u904b\u884c\u74b0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6aa2\u67e5 Oracle \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5408\u7406 SQL \u8a9e\u53e5\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u8207\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-162205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=162205"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162205\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":162206,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/162205\/revisions\/162206"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=162205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=162205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=162205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}