{"id":142149,"date":"2024-10-31T22:25:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T14:25:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/142149\/"},"modified":"2024-10-31T22:25:23","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T14:25:23","slug":"sql%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%95%e5%85%b6%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%ef%bc%81%e9%97%9c%e4%bf%82%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%99%e6%ba%96%e8%aa%9e%e8%a8%80%e6%98%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/142149\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL\uff1a\u4f55\u5176\u91cd\u8981\uff01(\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u8a9e\u8a00\u662f)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"sql%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%95%e5%85%b6%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%ef%bc%81%e9%97%9c%e4%bf%82%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%99%e6%ba%96%e8%aa%9e%e8%a8%80%e6%98%af-cYqxUmwQSh\">SQL\uff1a\u4f55\u5176\u91cd\u8981\uff01(\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u8a9e\u8a00\u662f)<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cSQL\uff08\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u8a9e\u8a00\uff09\u7121\u7591\u662f\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08RDBMS\uff09\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u9084\u662f\u5c0f\u578b\u521d\u5275\u516c\u53f8\uff0cSQL\u90fd\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5b58\u5132\u3001\u6aa2\u7d22\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0eSQL\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u61c9\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"sql%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5-cYqxUmwQSh\">SQL\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<p>SQL\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c08\u9580\u7528\u65bc\u8207\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7de8\u7a0b\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u6578\u64da\u67e5\u8a62\u3001\u6578\u64da\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u6578\u64da\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u6578\u64da\u522a\u9664\u3002SQL\u7684\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u80fd\u5920\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"sql%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd-cYqxUmwQSh\">SQL\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u67e5\u8a62\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528SELECT\u8a9e\u53e5\u5f9e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u6aa2\u7d22\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u63d2\u5165\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528INSERT\u8a9e\u53e5\u5c07\u65b0\u6578\u64da\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528UPDATE\u8a9e\u53e5\u4fee\u6539\u73fe\u6709\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u522a\u9664\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528DELETE\u8a9e\u53e5\u5f9e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u522a\u9664\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"sql%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e6%80%a7-cYqxUmwQSh\">SQL\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>SQL\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4e0d\u50c5\u9ad4\u73fe\u5728\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\uff0c\u9084\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u5728\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u904d\u61c9\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e7e\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e4%b8%80%e8%87%b4%e6%80%a7-cYqxUmwQSh\">1. \u6578\u64da\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>SQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e8b\u52d9\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528ACID\uff08\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u9694\u96e2\u6027\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff09\u7279\u6027\uff0cSQL\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u591a\u7528\u6236\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6578\u64da\u640d\u58de\u6216\u4e1f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-cYqxUmwQSh\">2. \u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n<p>\u96a8\u8457\u5927\u6578\u64da\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4f86\u81e8\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002SQL\u80fd\u5920\u5feb\u901f\u8655\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f01\u696d\u5f9e\u6578\u64da\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528GROUP BY\u548cHAVING\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u805a\u5408\u548c\u7be9\u9078\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT department, COUNT(*) as employee_count\nFROM employees\nGROUP BY department\nHAVING COUNT(*) &gt; 10;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e8%b7%a8%e5%b9%b3%e5%8f%b0%e5%85%bc%e5%ae%b9%e6%80%a7-cYqxUmwQSh\">3. \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>SQL\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08\u5982MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\u3001Oracle\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u652f\u6301SQL\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u958b\u767c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e4b\u9593\u8f15\u9b06\u9077\u79fb\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"sql%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e4%be%86%e8%b6%a8%e5%8b%a2-cYqxUmwQSh\">SQL\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u8da8\u52e2<\/h2>\n<p>\u96a8\u8457\u96f2\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u5927\u6578\u64da\u6280\u8853\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0cSQL\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7bc4\u570d\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65b7\u64f4\u5927\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u96f2\u670d\u52d9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u5c07SQL\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u5176\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6236\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cNoSQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u4e5f\u4fc3\u4f7fSQL\u4e0d\u65b7\u6f14\u9032\uff0c\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u65b0\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-cYqxUmwQSh\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u7e3d\u7684\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cSQL\u4f5c\u70ba\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u8996\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u9084\u662f\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u65b9\u9762\uff0cSQL\u90fd\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u5176\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u6b65\uff0cSQL\u5c07\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u95dc\u9375\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528SQL\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u8853\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u6b61\u8fce\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u6211\u5011\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u52a9\u60a8\u5728\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\u66f4\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c64\u6a13\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22SQL\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e00\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6a19\u6e96\u8a9e\u8a00\u5982\u4f55\u9a45\u52d5\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u8207\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u696d\u52d9\u6c7a\u7b56\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-142149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=142149"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":142150,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142149\/revisions\/142150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=142149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=142149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=142149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}