{"id":138739,"date":"2024-10-31T15:46:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T07:46:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/138739\/"},"modified":"2024-10-31T15:46:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T07:46:18","slug":"sql-server%e9%ab%98%e7%b4%9a%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%ef%bc%9a%e8%a7%a3%e6%b1%ba%e8%a4%87%e9%9b%9c%e5%95%8f%e9%a1%8c%e7%9a%84%e5%88%a9%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%88%e9%ab%98%e7%b4%9asqlserver%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/138739\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Server\u9ad8\u7d1a\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u89e3\u6c7a\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5229\u5668\uff08\u9ad8\u7d1asqlserver\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

SQL Server\u9ad8\u7d1a\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u89e3\u6c7a\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5229\u5668\uff08\u9ad8\u7d1aSQL Server\uff09<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cSQL Server\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u9ad8\u7d1a\u529f\u80fd\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u7684\u8655\u7406\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6578\u64da\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0eSQL Server\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7d1a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6578\uff08Window Functions\uff09<\/h2>\n

\u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u7d50\u679c\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c07\u6578\u64da\u5206\u7d44\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6236\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u8b8a\u7d50\u679c\u96c6\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u7d2f\u8a08\u3001\u6392\u540d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

SELECT \n    EmployeeID, \n    Salary, \n    RANK() OVER (ORDER BY Salary DESC) AS SalaryRank\nFROM \n    Employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528RANK()\u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u70ba\u6bcf\u4f4d\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u9032\u884c\u6392\u540d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u627e\u51fa\u85aa\u6c34\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528GROUP BY\u8a9e\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u516c\u5171\u8868\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff08CTE\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u516c\u5171\u8868\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff08CTE\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u81e8\u6642\u7d50\u679c\u96c6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728SELECT\u3001INSERT\u3001UPDATE\u6216DELETE\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002CTE\u7279\u5225\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u905e\u6b78\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u8655\u7406\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\u6578\u64da\u6642\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
WITH RecursiveCTE AS (\n    SELECT \n        EmployeeID, \n        ManagerID, \n        Name, \n        0 AS Level\n    FROM \n        Employees\n    WHERE \n        ManagerID IS NULL\n    UNION ALL\n    SELECT \n        e.EmployeeID, \n        e.ManagerID, \n        e.Name, \n        Level + 1\n    FROM \n        Employees e\n    INNER JOIN \n        RecursiveCTE r ON e.ManagerID = r.EmployeeID\n)\nSELECT * FROM RecursiveCTE;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u6bb5\u4ee3\u78bc\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528CTE\u4f86\u67e5\u8a62\u54e1\u5de5\u53ca\u5176\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u7d1a\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5448\u73fe\u7d44\u7e54\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u4e8b\u52d9\u8655\u7406\uff08Transaction Management\uff09<\/h2>\n
SQL Server\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u8655\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528BEGIN TRANSACTION\u3001COMMIT\u548cROLLBACK\u8a9e\u53e5\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u6578\u64da\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n\nBEGIN TRY\n    INSERT INTO Accounts (AccountID, Balance) VALUES (1, 1000);\n    INSERT INTO Accounts (AccountID, Balance) VALUES (2, 2000);\n    COMMIT;\nEND TRY\nBEGIN CATCH\n    ROLLBACK;\n    SELECT ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;\nEND CATCH;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u767c\u751f\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5c07\u88ab\u56de\u6efe\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u4e0d\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n
4. SQL Server Agent<\/h2>\n
SQL Server Agent\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5b9a\u671f\u57f7\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8a62\u3001\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6216\u57f7\u884c\u7dad\u8b77\u4efb\u52d9\u3002\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u7dad\u8b77\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7121\u7591\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4f5c\u696d\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u548c\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u624b\u52d5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5feb\u7167\uff08Database Snapshots\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5feb\u7167\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ea\u8b80\u7684\u975c\u614b\u8996\u5716\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u6355\u6349\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u6062\u5fa9\u548c\u5831\u544a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
CREATE DATABASE MyDatabaseSnapshot \nON (NAME = MyDatabase_Data, FILENAME = 'C:MyDatabaseSnapshot.ss')\nAS SNAPSHOT OF MyDatabase;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u904e\u5275\u5efa\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u4e3b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u5831\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
SQL Server\u7684\u9ad8\u7d1a\u529f\u80fd\u70ba\u89e3\u6c7a\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6578\u3001\u516c\u5171\u8868\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u4e8b\u52d9\u8655\u7406\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6578\u64da\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684 \u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\uff0cServer.HK\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5ba2\u6236\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u63a2\u7d22SQL Server\u7684\u9ad8\u7d1a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u89e3\u6c7a\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u8207\u5206\u6790\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-138739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=138739"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138739\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":138740,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138739\/revisions\/138740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=138739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=138739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=138739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}