{"id":138621,"date":"2024-10-31T15:32:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T07:32:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/138621\/"},"modified":"2024-10-31T15:32:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T07:32:18","slug":"sql-server%e5%b0%8d%e8%b1%a1%e8%a8%b1%e5%8f%af%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/138621\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Server\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"sql-server%e5%b0%8d%e8%b1%a1%e8%a8%b1%e5%8f%af%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-mfZmKcFAma\">SQL Server\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002SQL Server\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u578b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0eSQL Server\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u8a31\u53ef\u985e\u578b\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af%e5%b0%8d%e8%b1%a1%e8%a8%b1%e5%8f%af%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%ef%bc%9f-mfZmKcFAma\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u6307\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u5404\u7a2e\u5c0d\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u8868\u3001\u8996\u5716\u3001\u5b58\u5132\u904e\u7a0b\u7b49\uff09\u9032\u884c\u8a2a\u554f\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002SQL Server\u5141\u8a31\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\uff08DBA\uff09\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6236\u548c\u89d2\u8272\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u7528\u6236\u80fd\u5920\u8a2a\u554f\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%a8%b1%e5%8f%af%e9%a1%9e%e5%9e%8b-mfZmKcFAma\">\u8a31\u53ef\u985e\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728SQL Server\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a31\u53ef\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u70ba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a31\u53ef\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u4e9b\u662fSQL Server\u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>VIEW SERVER STATE<\/code>\u8a31\u53ef\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u67e5\u770b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u4e9b\u8a31\u53ef\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8868\u6216\u8996\u5716\u3002\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u5305\u62ec<code>SELECT<\/code>\u3001<code>INSERT<\/code>\u3001<code>UPDATE<\/code>\u548c<code>DELETE<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u8a31\u53ef\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u4e9b\u8a31\u53ef\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6574\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code>CREATE TABLE<\/code>\u548c<code>ALTER DATABASE<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%b0%8d%e8%b1%a1%e8%a8%b1%e5%8f%af%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-mfZmKcFAma\">\u7ba1\u7406\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728SQL Server\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8t-sql%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-mfZmKcFAma\">1. \u4f7f\u7528T-SQL\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<p>\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Transact-SQL\uff08T-SQL\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u6388\u4e88\u6216\u64a4\u92b7\u8a31\u53ef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u6388\u4e88\u7528\u6236\u5c0d\u67d0\u500b\u8868\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u8a31\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>GRANT SELECT ON dbo.MyTable TO MyUser;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u800c\u64a4\u92b7\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>REVOKE SELECT ON dbo.MyTable FROM MyUser;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8sql-server-management-studio-ssms-mfZmKcFAma\">2. \u4f7f\u7528SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)<\/h3>\n<p>SQL Server Management Studio\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5716\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7528\u6236\u7ba1\u7406\u8a31\u53ef\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u53f3\u9375\u9ede\u64ca\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u201c\u5c6c\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u201d\u9078\u9805\u5361\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\u8a2d\u7f6e\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e8%a7%92%e8%89%b2%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-mfZmKcFAma\">3. \u4f7f\u7528\u89d2\u8272\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u7c21\u5316\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\uff0cSQL Server\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5275\u5efa\u89d2\u8272\u4e26\u5c07\u8a31\u53ef\u5206\u914d\u7d66\u9019\u4e9b\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u7528\u6236\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u89d2\u8272\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u7c21\u5316\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE ROLE MyRole;\nGRANT SELECT ON dbo.MyTable TO MyRole;\nEXEC sp_addrolemember 'MyRole', 'MyUser';<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%af%a6%e8%b8%90-mfZmKcFAma\">\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u9032\u884cSQL Server\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u6642\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6700\u5c0f\u6b0a\u9650\u539f\u5247\uff1a<\/strong>\u50c5\u6388\u4e88\u7528\u6236\u57f7\u884c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u8a31\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u5be9\u6838\u8a31\u53ef\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6236\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u5176\u4ecd\u7136\u7b26\u5408\u696d\u52d9\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u89d2\u8272\u800c\u975e\u500b\u5225\u7528\u6236\uff1a<\/strong>\u901a\u904e\u89d2\u8272\u4f86\u7ba1\u7406\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u5316\u8a31\u53ef\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-mfZmKcFAma\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>SQL Server\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\u8a2d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6236\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8a31\u53ef\u985e\u578b\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u5c07\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u904b\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6216\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8acb\u8003\u616e\u6211\u5011\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u904b\u884c\u74b0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3SQL Server\u5c0d\u8c61\u8a31\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5b89\u5168\u8207\u5408\u898f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-138621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=138621"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":138622,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138621\/revisions\/138622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=138621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=138621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=138621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}